no fixed curriculum

Public School New York: self-organized, free school

Traditional schools tend to operate on the principle that students are passive receptacles into which knowledge will be deposited. The syllabus, schedule, pacing and so forth are determined from above. Public School New York rejects that approach. There is no set curriculum. No grades. No teachers with blackboards writing what chapter must be memorized by Friday.

PSNY, on the other hand, throws all that out. There is no curriculum. There are no grades. Students only learn things they are interested in (at the moment) and the way they want to learn them. There are no teachers to tell them about mitochondria or the War of 1812, although students will learn those things if and when they want to. The school is self-organized. The people are responsible for their own learning and for each other.

There is also no distinction between “learning” time and “real life” time. At most traditional schools kids work on meaningless tasks for much of the day, leaving behind the “real world” of adult interactions and responsibilities. At Public School New York people work on things that are meaningful and important to them, often collaborating with people of all ages (collaboration between adults and children across age groups in school settings! Who knew? ), and they are accountable to their peers, not to some external authority figure who enforces rules with reward and punishment. Their motivation for learning is intrinsic interest and a social responsibility to others, not to a system of grades, gold stars, or external threat of punishment. You may think this sounds idealistic but it’s not: this model has been in use, in various forms, for decades. Democratic free schools have been around since at least the 1960s and some go much further back than that.

I’m particularly fascinated by the way it inverts the traditional idea of “socialization.” Public schools and most other educational institutions purport to teach social skills but the reality is often quite different. The social skills you learn in most schools are how to sit still, how to follow arbitrary rules, how to compete with peers for a relative position in the rankings. At Public School New York, you are negotiating, organizing, collaborating, resolving real conflicts with real stakes. The traditional school setting is a highly contrived, controlled space for learning social skills and, as with learning “academic” skills, it is just one model. At Public School, you learn to be a leader not because you are the elected class president but because you took initiative on something that mattered to you and you persuaded others to help you do it.

Learning also happens through projects and real interests, rather than through pre-existing units. A student who is interested in skateboarding will learn about physics to try to understand how an ollie or a kickflip works. Then they may branch off into learning about materials science to be able to make their own boards, then business planning if they want to sell them. They will retain that knowledge more because it is attached to something they cared about… not just something that they will be tested on. Or a student will spend weeks “doing nothing” then have a breakthrough because they are bored. This is the key point—students have large amounts of agency in how and what they learn, and this can lead to self-directed and life-long learning.

Finally, there are the inevitable questions from the peanut gallery. “But what about college?” “How will they get jobs?” The implication, of course, is that the current system is doing such an effective job at preparing students for, well, any of the things that schools are supposedly for that we need not be concerned. Most jobs will require on-the-job training for skills anyway, and there are many free school graduates who have gone to universities. Admissions officers are sometimes intrigued by applicants who can articulate real interests and demonstrate the ability to self-direct rather than just good test scores, grades, and traditional achievements. To be clear: college is not the only path forward and, in some ways, not even the primary path that Public School is modeling.

The other big thing about having no set curriculum is that it forces a constant adaptation to what students need and want and also requires being responsive to the individual, to group, to community, in the here and now rather than trying to anticipate their needs based on some presumed external measure of what might be useful in five or ten years. Technology changes. Culture changes. Individual interests are wildly different. Why pretend that one predetermined path is good for everyone? It’s an experiment, a laboratory, a provocation for what education could look like when we start designing it around human development rather than the needs of an industrial age workforce.

I’m not claiming that this approach is the right one for every student (I don’t think it is) or that there is no valid role for more traditional pedagogies (there is) but I think it’s important that something like it exists right now when mainstream public education is more and more test-obsessed, more and more standardized to the point of absurdity, more and more obsessed with compliance to the point of crushing creativity. Public School New York and its kindred communities are not just talking about reform; they are living it.

But for students who do not fit into the traditional schooling model—students who get crushed by the traditional system or who have never fit in—it can provide a different way. A place where education is personal, not through algorithms or tiered worksheets, but through real human interactions and self-directed learning. Where the question asked is not “what do you need to know for the exam” but “what do you want to know about the world?”

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